Europe leads in cross-border pension and social security coordination.
European Union (EU): Under Regulation (EC) No. 883/2004, employees can transfer contributions between member states, protecting their pension rights.
Norway: Although not an EU member, it participates through the EEA Agreement, ensuring similar rights and contribution continuity. Norway’s system provides generous retirement benefits, but coordination is essential to ensure contributions from non-EEA countries (like India) are recognized.